Hierarchical Control of Space Closed Ecosystems: Expanding Microgrid Concepts to Bioastronautics
نویسندگان
چکیده
One of the main challenges human space exploration is development artificial ecosystems, which can be used as life support systems (LSSs) to enable long-duration missions. In an open LSS, no food generation or waste treatment provided in space, and supplies from Earth are necessary. According Figure 1, considering approximate metabolic consumables hygiene water well number crewmembers [1], a huge mass would required transported Earth, brings necessity regenerative closed LSS [2]-[4]. Closed ecological (CESs) ecosystems without any matter exchange with outside environment [2]. The most advanced humanmade CESs include Advanced Life Support System Test Bed (ALSSTB) (the NASA Johnson Space Research Center, Houston, Texas), Biosphere 2 (Oracle, Arizona), BIOS-3 (Krasnoyarsk, Russia-no longer operative), Ecology Experiment Facility (CEEF) complex (Rokkasho, Japan), Micro-Ecological Alternative (MELiSSA) Pilot Plant (MPP) (Universitat Aut?noma de Barcelona, Spain), Concordia Antarctica Station, different one another respect their complexity, size, degree closure necessary for long-term manned missions, aim minimize Earth. They composed several specific compartments that, together, reproduce functionalities system continuous mode operation under controlled conditions.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1932-4529', '1941-0115']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/mie.2020.3026828